If you’re seeing red, you’ve got a little bit of work to do. If your website is fully optimized for mobile devices, you’ll get an enthusiastic little success message that looks like this: Just enter your site’s URL for a quick assessment of your site’s mobile design. To simplify things, Google has gifted us all with a free mobile-friendly testing tool that will tell you whether your site qualifies as “mobile-friendly” or not. Even if you happen to have a whole bunch of old phones lying around, that can be a time-consuming process to test it on every screen. Your website may look great on one mobile device (like your own personal cell phone), but you really need to test it on a wide range of screen sizes to know if it’s truly responsive. The first step? Benchmark your current design. Luckily, if your WordPress site isn’t mobile-friendly yet, there are plenty of tools to help you get up to speed and build a fully-functioning, responsive site. That’s a pretty sweet perk if you’ve done the work to create a mobile-friendly site! But it can also hurt your site’s traffic if it’s not quite up to the task of displaying on smaller screens. This means that if your site reads well on mobile devices, it’s going to perform better in search results than sites that don’t. Starting in 2015 (the year of “ Mobilegeddon”), Google implemented a major overhaul of its search algorithm to reward sites that are deemed “mobile-friendly.” The change came down to one crucial data point: whether or not your website is responsive. A mobile-friendly design makes for a positive user experience and will help your users find what they’re looking for while on the go.īesides UX, there’s another important reason your site should be mobile-friendly: Google. That means that over half the population is turning to phones and tablets over traditional desktop devices, so in order to keep up with them, your website needs to be ready to display on any screen size. In Q4 2019, 61% of Google searches took place on a mobile device. Consider mobile-friendly WordPress pluginsġ.Use a responsive WordPress theme (or create your own).Understand why responsive web design is important.To make your WordPress site mobile-friendly, you need to: This guide will help you understand why it’s important to have a mobile-friendly site, how to build one on WordPress, and introduce you to the best tools to create a responsive site. It’s no secret that mobile-friendly WordPress sites are the new norm, but despite how common they may seem, it can still take a little work to create a beautiful, responsive site. Posted in Design, Performance by WP Engine
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I think I have the same "hoarder" sickness regarding my computer files (including emails), and I often think I might read some of them someday so I just save them. I may need to learn about setting up a task scheduler, but that should not be too difficult.Īlso, I should take more care to move emails I care about to their special folders as soon as I have read them. Maybe I can set up the message rules to move emails automatically to an Archive folder when they are older than, say, 10 days, and then I can have the Delphi application process these files based on a daily schedule like my Cobian backup. It would be best to have this process somewhat automated, so I would not need to remember to do it on a regular basis. Then, if I wanted to, I could use my Delphi program to weed out duplicates, and I could also transfer the emails to a compressed folder. Once thus saved, I can simply erase most of the emails using the WLM application. I can save individual emails in TXT format or HTML, but a better option may be to copy all the emails to a location in the main Documents folder, which gets backed up regularly, and would be not indexed by the WLM application. I received a reply (although to a simpler question) on the Delphi forum, so it appears to be reasonably active and that's probably where I should go for more detailed discussion. However, when unzipped, MS Explorer shows the "From", "Subject", and "Date Received" information. That is an effective way to archive emails, but the non-descriptive titles are not helpful. I'm sure I have done it before, and I have some compressed folders that I have used to store emails up to about a year ago. I think the WLM crash may have been due to some other problems with the computer, and it is probably safe to move and delete files from the folders. There are other small and sometimes empty files. 0314 Mail: Zone_MailChk ERROR: (internat.cpp:237), failed with 0x800CCE054. 0314 Mail: Zone_MailChk ERROR: (internat.cpp:309), failed with 0x800CCE05 17bc Mail: Zone_MailChk ERROR: (booktree.cpp:8411), failed with 0x80040064 So apparently there is some sort of index that is manipulated when emails are moved in WLM and directly deleting or moving or copying the files creates problems. I found that WLM had created a new folder called ZAP(1) and the original ZAP folder contained only an email that I had converted to TXT. I did a restart and update and re-opened WLM, to find it still listed the duplicate emails, but when I tried to open them it produced an error. I thought I could have WLM properly reflect the changed folder by closing it and re-opening, but when I tried, it was borked. EML extensions), renaming to text to examine and back to EML, and it seems like the file names changed and also the date-time stamp. I messed around with the emails (which are all individual files with. However, the emails still remain in the listing of WLM. Now it should only go back 10 days (which is still 500-1000 emails).Īnyway, I decided to create an application with Borland Delphi, which can navigate to my email folder, which is:Ĭode: C:\Users\paul_000\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows Live Mail\Peschoen (paul)I made a directory called "ZAP", and I went to my Junk E-mail folder which had about 10 emails in it (including several duplicates), and I was able to recurse through the folder and copy the duplicates to the ZAP folder and then delete them from the Junk folder. I also thought I had my email client set up to delete emails from the server after about a week, but I just checked and that was not so. When I have noticed the extra download happening, I have been able to shut down WLM and then access my Verizon account, where I can delete all but very recent emails from the server. But there seems to be no way to remove duplicates except manually. I know how to set up "Rules" that move emails with a certain sender or subject or date to another folder, and I do have folders for more important business and personal emails. I tend to keep almost everything and I usually save my Inbox emails every quarter to storage folders like "Inbox_2014_Q1", but I haven't done it for a while and now my Inbox has almost 12,000 emails since. Sometimes my Windows Live Mail application in Win8 seems to forget that it had already downloaded several months worth of emails from the Verizon server, so it creates duplicates and even triplicates of emails. and Barnum & Bailey circus, which shut down five years ago. We are all so lucky to have this resource for arts and education right here in Brattleboro.”Īt this year’s Spectacular, “I’ll be hosting the show in the guise of my iIllustrious German alter-ego, variety sensation ‘Hans Leibedich from Dusseldorf, Deutschland,’” said Damm, who will also appear as a main character in the new Ringling arena tour starting this fall, a modernized, animal-act-free revival of the venerable Ringling Bros. When reached by phone, Damm called NECCA “a gem of an institution for both Southern Vermont and the U.S. and internationally, will be the guest ringmaster this year. Jan Damm, a circus performer and clown who lives in Brattleboro and tours the U.S. “It’s such an exciting event, and it’s something that folks of all ages enjoy.” “The NECCA Circus Spectacular is one of our favorites,” said Jon Potter, executive director of the Latchis. This annual flagship event offers world-class entertainment for the entire family, with high-flying aerialists, acrobats, and jugglers - all to raise money to make the nonprofit circus school’s offerings available to those who otherwise could not afford it. The New England Center for Circus Arts 13th annual Circus Spectacular returns to the Latchis Theatre on Saturday, March 4 at 7:30 p.m. BRATTLEBORO-You don’t have to leave home to join the circus because it’s right here. They’re the best dim sum restaurants and, if you’re a dim sum lover, your foodie bucket list. From Chinatown in San Francisco to downtown Manhattan to Miami, Vegas, Portland and beyond, these restaurants do little-dishes-on-carts (and sometimes not on carts) better than the rest. But so are we-nothing pleases us more than a steamer full of har gow straight from the cart - which is why we pushed forward with the task. Because people are passionate about their dim sum. Okay, we’re wading into dangerous territory here: Declaring the best dim sum restaurants in America is a task sure to excite the same level of furious disagreement that we faced when we endeavoured to rank the best Mexican restaurants and best sushi restaurants in America. The 17 best Chinese restaurants in America Dealing with all this new craziness of ingredient prices, and the fact that it’s been hard to find full-time cooks, we’ve been trying to figure out the balance of running the restaurant.The 20 best Mexican restaurants in America After Covid, everyone wanted to step away from hospitality, so it’s been hard to find the right people, which has made it challenging to operate at a certain level.īoonthanakit: There have been a lot of external factors like the egg scenario that you just couldn’t predict. It’s been very hard to get talented cooks and chefs in the back of house. Lijo George: We’ve had a lot of challenges on the operations side. What have been some of the biggest challenges in this first year? But it’s what we wanted to cook, adding spice and lightness to the cuisine, and so far, people seem to be enjoying it. Los Angeles loves French cuisine, but we didn’t know if adding Asian influences would sit well with people. How has the reception been to the restaurant within the Arts District community?īoonthanakit : We weren’t really too sure what to expect. In France we get inspired by other parts of the world, as well. Max Boonthanakit: It’s French with just small little influences from our backgrounds I would say it’s French as if we were cooking in France, which wouldn’t mean cooking purely French food. The simplest way to describe the food you serve at Camphor is “French,” but that doesn’t feel quite right. Wes Avila Wants You to See His Mexican Cooking At Ka’teen As Pure L.A.David Rosoff Is Back in Silver Lake With Bar Moruno (But That’s Not All).Saltie Girl Is the Sunset Strip’s Splashy New Seafood Spot. Resy recently sat down with the two chefs to recap their first year and the lessons they’ve learned - and to find out what they think about the state of fine dining in Los Angeles. In fact, George often imports fresh spices from his hometown of Kerala, India, which influences the cooking.Īdd excellent cocktails, a minimalist space decked out with marble tabletops and gold accents, and a duck-and-beef bar burger that’s been named one of the best in the city, and the accolades make a lot of sense. To call the food that the pair cooks “French” might be overly simplistic, seeing as the flavors draw from around the globe: The mayo in the steak tartare is seasoned with dashi, for instance, while shell-on fried shrimp are seasoned with Indian-inspired “gunpowder spice” heavy on the pepper. That’s not too shabby for any restaurant, but it’s all the more impressive considering that the fine dining spot has only been open for a year.īoonthanakit and George, former coworkers at the Alain Ducasse restaurant Blue in Bangkok, opened in the location that most recently housed the short-lived Nightshade from chef Mei Lin. Camphor - the luxurious Arts District restaurant from chef duo Max Boonthanakit and Lijo George - recently received a Michelin star and has earned countless glowing reviews from local critics. It's a great way to turn the tides of battle! Certain situations during the fight may even allow you to perform Super Desperation Moves just by having a full POW Gauge. If your life flashes orange AND you have your POW Gauge filled-up, you can pull off a Super Desperation Move which deals up to twice the damage of the normal version. In this time of peril, your character can perform Desperation Moves indefinitely without the maximum POW Gauge requirement. Once your character's life gauge drops below 20%, the gauge flashes orange. The gauge remains at max for a limited time only, so make good use of the extra attack power and don't be afraid to use your Desperation Move before the gauge drains away. During this maxed-out state, you can also perform your character's unique Desperation Move for devastating damage. Once the gauge is filled up, it flashes MAXIMUM and your fighter's offensive power increases for a short while. However, you can manually store power with the Power Charger move, but leaves you very vulnerable. Being struck by multi-hit attacks increases the gauge faster. As the fighter takes damage and blocks attacks, the POW Gauge builds up, depending on the intensity of the hit. Can use the classic dodge move to evade enemy attacks and Power Charge to build up your POW Gauge. This mode employs defensive tactics and the gameplay from The King of Fighters '94 & The King of Fighters '95. The 1st member can store 3 stocks, the 2nd can store 4 stocks, while the last member can have the maximum of 5 stocks stored at a time. When Advanced Mode users lose team members, the new Advantage System awards the player by increasing the maximum number of stocks that can be stored. If the player also has more stocks stored while in this mode, he can pull off a more powerful Super Desperation Move which deals up to twice the damage of the normal version! It's a great way to turn the tides of battle! Once the mode ends, the character's attributes revert to normal, keeping any stocks he has stored. A timer indicates the elapsed time while the mode remains active. In addition, with at least one stock stored, the player can activate MAX Mode where he is granted extra damage to his attacks and suffers less damage from the opponent. The player can then use Desperation Moves at the cost of one stock. A player can store up to 3 stocks at a time. Once the gauge is filled up, one power stock is stored, indicated by a green flashing orb. Using multi-hit attacks increases the gauge faster. As the fighter performs special moves and takes damage, the POW Gauge builds up, depending on the special moves used. Can use new rolling sidesteps to quickly rout the enemy and build up your POW Gauge using your special moves. This mode employs aggressive tactics and the gameplay from The King of Fighters '96 & The King of Fighters '97. This game has two systems: Advance Mode and Extra Mode. Since this game did not have a storyline, the SNK staff decided to return Rugal Bernstein as the boss character noting that "he's the only character who truly represents the ultimate KOF boss." Additionally, some of his special moves were redesigned, which the staff found to have made him the strongest version of Rugal as well as one of their favorites. The introduction of this version was noted to be "a hit" within gamers, the staff kept adding new alternative versions of other characters in KOF '98. However, the original moveset was still popular among gamers and as such, an alternative version of Kyo was added to The King of Fighters '97. In The King of Fighters '96, several moves from Kyo Kusanagi were changed in order to adapt him to the new game system. Japan Team, Protagonist Team or Kyo Team) The series' canon storyline continues in The King of Fighters '99. Instead, it was developed as a " Dream Match" game featuring characters from all previous King of Fighters canonical games, including killed-off characters in the story. The original game was then released on the mobile systems (iOS and Android) on July 24, 2014. A remake titled The King of Fighters '98 Ultimate Match was released in Japanese arcades on March 18th, 2008, and later on the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 4 and PC (through Steam and GOG). The Dreamcast port of the game was titled The King of Fighters: Dream Match 1999. The game was released for the Neo Geo system and later ported to the SONY's platform PlayStation 1. The King of Fighters '98: Dream Match Never Ends ( ザ・キング・オブ・ファイターズ '98 ( ナインティエイト ) ドリームマッチネバーエンズ), subtitled as The Slugfest in international releases, is the fifth game in The King of Fighters series. And now it comes, say here we go, KOF is here again, nothing's gonna stop. Fell in place in '96, it came to an end in '97. The King of Fighters '99 Two, three! It all began in '94, kept on rollin' in '95. It allows you to see exactly how to play the song on a bass fretboard as you hear the music. Animated Fretboard (two different skins!)Displays fingering positions as the music plays.He has performed with Liza Minelli and Les Paul, among others, and has been the bassist for many Broadway shows. John Arbo has been teaching bass for over 25 years, and is currently on the music faculty of the New School in New York City. Pause, rewind, and replay to see proper fingerings and techniques at your own pace, as often as needed. Watch your instructor demonstrate proper techniques for playing exercises. Over 30 Large-Format VideosProfessional bass instructor John Arbo guides you in over 30 videos with split-screens and close-ups (as needed).Also included are popular songs, including "Scarborough Fair", "La Bamba", "Ode to Joy", "Shenandoah", "Drunken Sailor", "House of the Rising Sun", and more! The latest version includes dynamic, enhanced, multi-track audio playback of hit songs popularized by well-known artists. eMedia Bass Method features songs in a variety of genres to make learning fun and memorable – including Rock, Pop, Country, and Folk! Many of these songs are also in eMedia Guitar Method, so bass and guitar students can jam along with each other as they learn. Learn to read tablature and standard music notation, including scales and intervals. Learn to play using triads, fills, and syncopation, and to create a bass line for any song you like. This introductory level CD-ROM features step-by-step lessons with on-screen instructor John Arbo. Over 140 Step-by-Step LessonseMedia Bass Method makes playing bass easier than ever. You’ll be able to correct your playing quickly and learn to read music fast!
Later, in the late 1990s, it became the founding member of the largest airline alliance called the SkyTeam Airline Alliance.įurthermore, over the years, the company has merged with various other airlines, including Northwest and Western Air Lines, due to which it ranks as the world’s second-largest airline in terms of fleet size, number of carried passengers, and revenue. Later, the company expanded its services and began operating internationally, and officially took the corporate name Delta Air Lines. Later on, in 1929, the airlines operated its first passenger flight from Dallas to Mississippi, creating history in the aviation industry. The long history of service of Delta Air Lines begins back in 1924 when the company was founded by the name Huff Daland Dusters and became the world’s first and largest aerial crop dusting fleet. With its slogan, ‘Keep Climbing,’ we are looking forward to additional routes that the airline will be adding to its collection, making it easier for passengers to travel all across the globe with a reliable traveling partner. It is also the only airlines in America that regularly flies to Africa, namely, Johannesburg. (larger not allowed)įurthermore, over the years, the company has expanded its wings and has hundreds of routes, flying to 325 destinations in 52 countries and six continents. Virgin Islands or Puerto Ricoįirst bag $23 online/$25 at Apt 2d bag $32/35 bag 3 $125 bags 4-10 $200/each Over 70 lb not allowed.įirst 2 bags free, up to 50 lbs/23kg, or 62 in. or Canada, Mexico, Aruba, Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman Islands $50 for 51-70 lb bags over 70 lb not allowed.įirst bag free, 2d bag $50 online $55 at Airpt.īetween U.S. You are also allowed to bring onboard: a jacket (or an umbrella - check first) food & drink purchased past security checkpoint duty-free items strollers, child restraint seats, or assistive devices (wheelchairs or crutches).Īll carry-on items must fit into the overhead bin or under the seat in front of you.įirst bag free 2d bag 40 EUR online 55 EUR at Airpt. You can also carry on board one of these items: (a) a purse, briefcase, camera bag or diaper bag OR (b) one laptop computer (must be carried on) OR (c) one item of similar or smaller size of (a) or (b). Oversized bags which do not fit into the overhead bins of the airplane will incur a fee. or 56x36x23 cm or a linear dimension of 114cm/45in. Your carry-on bag must fit easily in the Carry-on Baggage Check near check-in counters & at the gate. Higher fees may apply for Airport check-in. Within 24 hours of scheduled departure flight then simply drop off bags at “Baggage Drop” or curbside check-in station within 6 hrs of departure. According to our research, the airline has nine different hubs located in the US and its territories. Track your plane's location and status when leaving for the airport, check the time of arrival when waiting to pick your loved one from the airport, keep an eye on the flights in transit, and enjoy a wide range of other perks of the Delta flight tracker.īeing the second-largest airline in the world in terms of fleet size and the number of passengers carried, Delta, along with its subsidiaries and regional affiliates, is known to operate 5,400 flights on a daily basis, all across the six continents. Whether the plane is in transit, resting at an airport anywhere on the globe, delayed or canceled, passengers can avail all of the necessary information using the flight tracker. The Delta flight status tracker ensures that the passengers stay up-to-date with all necessary information regarding the journey of the aircraft. Passengers and their loved ones can use the flight number, route information, and timing to get the desired information from the flight status system. Irrespective of the destination, you can get Delta flight status online with the flight tracker's help. Furthermore, the information is added to in-airport displays and online flight status systems which allows passengers to track the flight status of Delta flights, see departure time updates, cancellations, etc, and know the location of the aircraft. The accurate and reliable flight status system ensures real-time flight status updates of Delta's aircraft using GPS and other advanced technologies, allowing airline operations staff, airport personnel, and passengers to view and track the location, status, and on-time performance of flights in real-time to stay up to date with the latest information.ĭelta aircraft are embedded with enhanced ADS-B technology which makes GPS positioning possible via transmitters, receivers and positioning satellites in real-time, and form the basis for how online flight trackers receive current flight data. It's often a matter of exploring the map to find a switch or a terminal with the code that'll let you access another part or another level of the map.īetween missions you can chat in the Resistance base and/or buy/sell weapons. The action is intense, and there's usually a bit of puzzle involved. You'll often need to bypass traps, open doors, disable alarms, take out security cameras, and more. You can find supplies and money off of killed enemies (if you left a body, that is, and some of the extreme weapons don't). You're up against the full military might of the WEC, from simple guards to full-fledged Guardmechs and elite forces (though none are quite as good as you). You get plenty of different weapons, from assault rifles and shotguns to grenade launchers and lasers, to really exotic weapons like microwave cannon, EMP discharger, and even plasma cannons. Your silencer can roll left, roll right, kneel, jump, run, and perform other acrobatic moves. and the only place to turn is the Resistance.Ĭrusader: No Remorse is the first in the series, which is best described as a 2D isometric shooter. It is clear that the Silencer is being silenced. then one day you and two other Silencers, your best buddies, were ambushed by a WEC mech patrol when it was supposed to be a routine mission. You are used to orders of hunting down the Resistance, a ragtag band of rebels committing sabotage and other acts of terrorism against the WEC, but slowly, you realized the WEC is not quite what it appears to be. You will find instructions on how to proceed.3 /5You are a silencer, the elite of the elite soldiers of World Economic Consortium. If you have cover scans that would complete this entry, please feel free to contribute them byĬlicking the CONTRIBUTE link in the menu on When moreĪccurate cover information is obtained, the entry will be updated adding the missing covers. We couldn't find some of the proper covers for this game. Thanks to AKRATE69 for providing the game front & back hires covers. Testing other emulators/plugins is up to you.Ĭhoose Teleport to Mission from the Load Game menu and enter this password for Hidden Pictures -Ĭhoose Teleport to Mission from the Load Game menu and enter this password (Ignore the invalid passcode message)to refill health and energy, get 2000 credits and all the items ( During gameplay hold R1 and press Circle ). We provide you with one working set-up so that you may get the game up and running, hassle-free. There are others that will work (better or worse) for your particular hardware. NOTE: This is not the only possible combination of plugins. ( internal X & Internal Y= Very High, Stretching mode: Stretch to full window size, render Mode: 2 (Use framebuffer object) text filt = 2 FPS limit= 63, Compatibility=1,3,2 Shader effects= 1 (Fullscreen smoothin))
In truth, Genevieve embodies feminist ideals. Always this undercurrent of working to define herself, her purpose, and ultimately be the voice of reason in a torrent of self-interested men. Where we see chapter after chapter her desperation to make things right after her well intentioned mistake. Like the ebb in flow of the seasons, shedding a winter’s coat for the warmth of spring, Genevieve too begins to find her true self. Not only is Sybella’s story a focal point, but Genevieve, too in her own right has this major transformation. Finding that all she has suffered and endured does not define her future. How she was like a phoenix burning bright and brilliant over the course of Courting Darkness and Igniting Darkness. I was enthralled by Sybella’s transformation. It was exciting to see the movement from Brittany to France and how the daughters of Death would keep their beloved Queen safe. Giving voice to new characters and expounding on those original ones. Where LaFevers molded and shaped these three badass female characters taking on a world made by and for men was one that made the whole experience so incredibly satisfying.Īnd Igniting Darkness adds to the original thread of the story. I loved the world-building and the way LaFevers drew you in with the historical elements infused with the fantasy of Death’s handmaidens. Prior to reading Igniting Darkness, I read all three of the original His Fair Assassins novels. The outcome unclear as to whether or not she can save a kingdom from a corrupt council, keep her Queen and the daughters of Saint Mortain from losing everything. It is the turning point that will cause Fate’s Wheel to turn, but it’s uncertain to whose favor. A mistake that will expose everyone she thought she was protecting. Genevieve a novitiate of Saint Mortain’s convent has been searching for anyone from her past to make contact with and finally finds Sybella only after a grave mistake. And with her sadistic brother on her heels to try and obtain their younger sisters while also trying to protect her Queen, Sybella finds herself lost without knowing how to keep those she cares most safe. Overwhelmed by the fact the God of Death is dead, now more than ever, she questions how she is to continue extracting her calling as a handmaiden of Death. She is an instrument of death and vengeance. Sybella is the daughter of Saint Mortain. “An epic finale! Igniting Darkness has it all: political intrigue, delicious romance, action-packed, strong and ferocious lead female characters all painted with a French historical backdrop, making this conclusion to LaFevers’ duology a must read.” Cecelia Beckman Sheaf & Ink The Story In Hamlet, said uncle marries his brother’s widow in The Lion King, Sarabi doesn’t appear to take up with Scar-but we know that in the real wild, there’s only one male in a pride, and he mates with any females that are able to reproduce, so… sorry to ruin your childhood!Īlso in both tales, after the evil uncles have pushed them into exile, the protagonists see their murdered fathers as ghosts who deliver important messages. Although not a tragedy, the animated film certainly borrows a lot of its plot points from the 1603 play.įor starters, both protagonists have evil, fratricidal uncles who want to take the throne. The Lion King and Hamletĭisney’s The Lion King was heavily influenced by William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. What Are Examples of Intertextuality?īelow are 3 examples of intertextuality between twentieth-century works and much older texts. This is the intertextuality that theorists like Kristeva would say is unavoidable whatever you create, it’s bound to be influenced in some way by something you’ve read, seen, or heard before. The reader’s own prior knowledge is what bridges two works together. Latent intertextuality is when references and connections occur incidentally, without the writer making a conscious effort to connect them. In such cases, without understanding the references, readers cannot fully grasp the intended meaning of the text. Latent Intertextualityĭeliberate intertextuality intentionally borrows from other texts, usually through allusions, parody, or symbolism. But intertextuality encompasses much more than just direct quotes-it can include everything from translation, to allegory, allusion, or parody. Examples can be found even in the Bible, as New Testament passages quote from and refer to Old Testament passages. While the theory is relatively new, the device itself is not. (Many times the writer isn’t even aware of the connection!) Literary critic and philosopher Julia Kristeva first coined the term “intertextuality” in the 1960s to describe the interconnection between similar or related texts, and how those connections shape an audience’s interpretations, whether they realize it or not. The theory of intertextuality states that all works of literature are influenced in some way by previous works no text is completely unique or original. The same can be said about song lyrics, compositions, and pretty much all works of art or inventions. This literary déjà vu is known as intertextuality, and in this post, we’ll explain where that familiarity comes from, why it’s important in literature, and why you can’t really avoid it. But the point is that I picked up on this connection without that prior knowledge (and it’s not like the setting, premise, or much of the plot details were exactly the same). Of course, a quick Google search would have told me that Apocalypse Now is in fact partially based on Conrad’s novel. Maybe it’s not smack-you-in-the-face obvious, but something about the themes, characters, or maybe even certain quotes just seems reminiscent of other works you’ve come across before.įor me, this feeling hit when I was halfway through Heart of Darkness in high school, and I started thinking: Reading this feels a lot like watching Apocalypse Now. Have you ever paused halfway through a novel or film, and thought to yourself: Something about this feels very familiar. |